Overview
This document compares the features of Altibase version 7.1 or later with Oracle 12c.
Model Comparison
Let's compare the overall model of Altibase and Oracle.
Architecture
| Feature | Oracle | Altibase | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Database Structure | Multi-process structure | Multi-thread structure | |
| Model | Relational database structure | Relational database structure | |
| Architecture | Client-server architecture | Client-server architecture | |
| Replication | Real Application Cluster (RAC) | Data Replication | Altibase replication replicates only table data |
| Individual instance | Internal thread | ||
| Shared storage | Separate storage | ||
| Shared schema | Separate schema | ||
| Shared data | Data replication | ||
| 64bit mode support | Supported | Supported | |
| Locking mode | Row-Level Locking | Row-Level Locking | MVCC supported |
| Database recovery | Use Checkpoint & Logfile | Use Checkpoint & Logfile | |
| DeadLock Detection | (Auto Deadlock Detect & Recovery) | (Auto Deadlock Detect & Recovery) |
Logical Structure
| Feature | Oracle | Altibase | Remark | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Management Structure | Database(DB) | Database(DB) | Altibase is a single database | |
| Tablespace | Tablespace | |||
| Segment | Segment | |||
| Extent | Extent | |||
| Block | Page | |||
| Row | Record | |||
| System Tablespace | Data Dictionary | SYSTEM, SYSAUX | SYS_TBS_MEM_DIC | |
| Undo | UNDOTBS | SYS_TBS_DISK_UNDO | ||
| Memory Data | - | SYS_TBS_MEM_DATA | ||
| Temp | TEMP | SYS_TBS_DISK_TEMP | ||
| Disk Data | SYSTEM | SYS_TBS_DISK_DATA | ||
| User Tablespace | Undo | Specified by user | Global Undo Tablespace | |
| Memory Data | Specified by user | Specified by user | This is possible in Oracle by setting the memory option | |
| Temp | Specified by user | Specified by user | ||
| Disk Data | Specified by user | Specified by user | ||
| Volatile Data | Not available | Specified by user | ||
Physical Structure
| Feature | Oracle | Altibase | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Data File | Data File | Data File | |
| Data Information File | Control File | Log Anchor File | |
| Online Log File | Online Log File (Recycle) | Online Log File (Serial) | |
| Archive Log File | %t_%s_%r.arc | logfile0 ~ | It is a replicate of the online log file, with the same name and different storage locations. |
Considerations/Notes
| Feature | Oracle | Altibase | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Length of object name | 128 Byte | 40 Byte | |
| Number of tablespaces | 65,533 | 65,533 | Maximum number per database |
| Number of database files | Operating system dependent; usually 1,022 | 1024 | Maximum per tablespace |
| 65,533 | 67,108,864 | Maximum per database | |
| Number of users | 2,147,483,638 | 2,147,483,638 | Maximum per database |
| Number of tables | Unlimited | 2,097,151 | Maximum per database |
| Number of indexes | Unlimited | 64 | Maximum per table |
| Number of Columns | 1,000 | 1024 | Per table |
| 32 | 32 | Per index | |
| Trigger Cascade Limit | Operating system-dependent, typically 32 | Unlimited | Maximum value |
| Number of rows | Unlimited | Unlimited | |
| Number of partitions | Unlimited | System-wide 2,097,151 | Not divided into table units |
| Number of constraints | Unlimited | System-wide 2,097,151 | Not divided into in column units |
Feature Comparison
Let's compare the common features between Altibase and Oracle.
Supported function
| Feature | Oracle | Altibase | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Table | Supported | Supported | |
| Multi Key-Index | Supported | Supported | |
| Stored Procedure | Supported | Supported | |
| Stored Function | Supported | Supported | |
| Package | Supported | Supported | |
| Trigger | Supported | Supported | |
| View | Supported | Supported | Including Materialized View |
| Sequence | Supported | Supported | |
| Queue | Supported (Advanced Queue) | Supported | |
| Monitoring View | Supported | Supported | |
| Authority Management | Supported | Supported | |
| Role | Supported | Supported | |
| Snapshot | Supported | Not supported | |
| DB Link | Supported | Supported | Supported by standard JDBC |
| Synonym | Supported | Supported | |
| Table partitioning | Supported | Supported | Global Non Partitioned Index Supported |
| User Defined Type | Supported | Partially Supported | Only supported in Procedure |
| Cluster Object | Supported | Not supported | |
| On-Line Backup | Supported | Supported | |
| XML | Supported | Not supported | |
| Auto Expansion of DB space | Supported | Supported |
Supported tool
| Feature | Oracle | Altibase | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| GUI Admin Tool | OEM and various 3rd party products | Squirrel SQL, Orange available | |
| Interactive SQL Processor | SQL*Plus | iSQL | |
| Data Loader | SQL*Loader | iLoader | |
| DMBS Admin TOOL | SQL*Plus | iSQL | |
| Data Transfer | exp/imp | iLoader/aexport | Download / Upload as text type data |
| Connection Dispatcher | Listener | Embedded in DBMS | |
| DB Create | DBCA | iSQL | |
| DB Destroyer | Not available | iSQL | |
| C Precompiler | Pro*C/C++ | APRE*C/C++ | |
| Recovery Manager | RMAN | iSQL, aexport, iLoader | Connection with storage company tools (API provided) |
| DBMS | checkServer |
Partition Table
| Classification | Feature | Oracle | Altibase | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type (Method | RANGE partition | Supported | Supported | |
| LIST partition | Supported | Supported | ||
| HASH partition | Supported | Supported | ||
| COMPOSITE partition | Supported | Not supported | ||
| Management command | ALTER tablespace | - | Supported | Refer to details of the partition table function |
| ADD partition | Supported | Partially supported | ||
| COALESCE partition | Supported | Partially supported | ||
| DROP partition | Supported | Supported | ||
| SPLIT partition | Supported | Supported | ||
| MERGE partition | Supported | Supported | ||
| TRUNCATE partition | Supported | Supported | ||
| RENAME partition | Supported | Supported | ||
| EXCHANGE partition | Supported | Not supported | ||
| MODIFY partition | Supported | Not supported | ||
| MOVE partition | Supported | Not supported | ||
| Index | Global Index | Supported | Partially supported | Global Non Partitioned index supported |
| Local Index | Supported | Supported |
Partition table feature details
Operations based on Altibase partition type (method)
| Operation | Range | List | Hash |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alter tablespace | ALTER TABEL PARTITION | ALTER TABLE PARTITION | ALTER TABLE PARTITION |
| ADD | N/A | N/A | ADD PARTITION |
| COALESCE | N/A | N/A | COALESCE PARTITION |
| DROP | DROP PARTITION | DROP PARTITION | N/A |
| MERGE | MERGE PARTITIONS | MERGE PARTITIONS | N/A |
| RENAME | RENAME PARTITION | RENAME PARTITION | RENAME PARTITION |
| SPLIT | SPLIT PARTITIOn | SPLIT PARTITION | N/A |
| TRUNCATE | TRUNCATE PARTITION | TRUNCATE PARTITION | TRUNCATE PARTITION |
Operations based on Oracle partition type (method)
| Operation | Range | List | Hash | Composite | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Range-Hash | Range-List | ||||
| ADD | ADD PARTITION | ADD PARTITION | ADD PARTITION | ADD PARTITION, MODIFY PARTITION ... ADD SUBPARTITION | ADD PARTITION, MODIFY PARTITION SUBPARTITION |
| COALESCE | N/A | N/A | COALESCE PARTITION | MODIFY PARTITION ... COALESCE SUBPARTITION | N/A
|
| DROP | DROP PARTITION | DROP PARTITION | N/A | DROP PARTITION | DROP [SUB]PARTITION |
| MERGE | MERGE PARTITIONS | MERGE PARTITIONS | N/A | MERGE PARTITIONS | MERGE [SUB]PARTITION |
| RENAME | RENAME PARTITION | RENAME PARTITION | RENAME PARTITION | RENAME [SUB]PARTITION | RENAME [SUB]PARTITION |
| SPLIT | SPLIT PARTITION | SPLIT PARTITION | N/A | SPLIT PARTITION | SPLIT [SUB]PARTITION |
| TRUNCATE | TRUNCATE PARTITION | TRUNCATE PARTITION | TRUNCATE PARTITION | TRUNCATE [SUB]PARTITION | TRUNCATE [SUB] PARTITION |
| EXCHANGE | EXCHANGE PARTITION | EXCHANGE PARTITION | EXCHANGE PARTITION | EXCHANGE [SUB] PARTITION | EXCHANGE [SUB] PARTITION |
| MOVE | MOVE PARTITION | MOVE PARTITION | MOVE PARTITION | MOVE SUBPARTITION | MOVE SUBPARTITION |
Backup & Recovery
| Feature | Oracle | Altibase | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Online Backup (Hot) | Supported | Supported | |
| Offline Backup (Cold) | Supported | Supported | |
| Table-by-table Backup | Supported | Supported | |
| Incomplete Backup | Supported | Supported | |
| Complete Backup | Supported | Supported | |
| Specific Tablespace Recovery | Supported | Supported | |
| Incremental Backup | Supported | Supported | |
| Text Data Backup & Recovery | Supported | Partially supported | Object and Data Text available with aexport |
Development Support Comparison
This section describes a comparison of features that can be referred to when developing by converting Oracle to Altibase.
SQL Support
| Feature | Oracle | Altibase | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| SQL | Standard SQL, Transform SQL (Support ANSI-SQL92, ANSI-SQL1999) | Standard SQL (Support ANSI-SQL92) | Object-oriented features of ANSI-SQL1999 are not supported |
| Sub-query(In-Line View) | Supported | Supported | |
| Sub-query(Scalar) | Supported | Supported | |
| Sub-query(=,IN,EXISTS) | Supported | Supported | |
| Equi Join | Supported | Supported | |
| Inner Join | Supported | Supported | |
| Outer Join | Supported | Supported | Oracle (+) is also supported |
| Self Join | Supported | Supported | |
Hierarchical query CONNECT BY ~ WITH | Supported | Supported | CONNECT_BY_ISYCYCLE is not supported |
| Array Processing | Supported | Supported | |
| Move statement | Not supported | Supported | |
| Queue | Advanced Queue | Enqueue/Dequeue | Differences in statement/method used |
| SELECT ~ FOR UPDATE | Supported | Supported | Join is not supported |
| SELECT DISTINCT ~ | Supported | Supported | |
| UNION | Supported | Supported | |
| UNION ALL | Supported | Supported | |
| INTERSECT | Supported | Supported | |
| MINUS | Supported | Supported | |
| CERATE TABLE AS SELECT ~ | Supported | Supported | |
| Literal/Bind SQL | Supported | Supported | |
| DML with VIEW | Supported | Supported | |
| WHERE REGEXP_LIKE Condition | Supported | Supported | |
| Hint function | Supported | Supported | |
| Cost Optimizer | Supported | Supported | |
| Parallel Select | Supported | Supported | |
| Parallel Insert | Supported | Supported | |
| Parallel Index Build | Supported | Supported |
Data Type Comparison
| Classification | Oracle | Altibase | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Data type | Description | Data Type | Description | |
| Character Type | CHAR | Fixed-length character type. Up to 2000 bytes | CHAR | Fixed-length character type. Up to 32K |
| VARCHAR2 | Variable-length character type. Up to 4000 bytes | VARCHAR | Variable-length character type. Up to 32K | |
| NCHAR | Unicode fixed-length character type. | NCHAR | Character length up to 16000 (UTF16), Character length up to 10666 (UTF8) | |
| NVARCHAR2 | Unicode variable-length character type. Up to 4000 bytes | NVARCHAR | Character length up to 16000 (UTF16), Character length up to 10666 (UTF8) | |
| LONG | Character type, Up to 2G | Can be replaced with CLOB | ||
| LOB Type | BLOB | Single binary type. Max: (4G-1) * (database block size) | BLOB | Up to 2G |
| CLOB | Single byte character type. Max: (4G-1) * (database block size) | CLOB | Up to 2G | |
| NCLOB | Unicode character type. Max: (4G-1) * (database block size) | Can be replaced with CLOB | ||
| Numeric Type | NUMERIC(p, s) | Numeric type. | NUMERIC(p, s) | Fixed point. Accuracy p 1 to 38, scale s -84 to 128 |
| NUMBER (p, s) | NUMBER(p, s) | Same as FLOAT if p and s are not specified. Given p or p, s is the same as NUMERIC | ||
| DECIMAL(p, s) | DECIMAL(p, s) | Same as NUMERIC (p, s) | ||
FLOAT(p), BINARY_FLOAT | FLOAT(p) | Floating point. Only precision (p) can be specified | ||
| SMALLINT | SMALLINT | 2 byte integer type | ||
| INT | INTEGER | 4 byte integer type | ||
| BIGINT | 8 byte integer type | |||
| REAL | REAL | 4 byte real type | ||
| DOUBLE, BINARY_DOUBLE | DOUBLE | 8 byte real type | ||
| Date Type | DATE | Date type. | DATE | Date Type 8byte |
| INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH | Not supported | |||
| INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND | Not supported | |||
| TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE | Not supported
| |||
| TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE | Not supported | |||
| TIMESTAMP | The precision of the second information can be expressed up to 9 digits. | DATE | Express up to micro sec (6 digits) | |
| TIMESTAMP | Option Type used in case of REPLICATION conflict | |||
| Binary Type | BFILE | Large binary file type. Up to 4G | Can be replaced with BLOB | |
| RAW (size) | Primitive binary type. Up to 2000 bytes | Can be replaced with BLOB | ||
| LONG RAW | Variable-length Winshi binary type. Up to 2G | Use BLOB | ||
| BYTE | 1 to 32000, fixed length binary data type | |||
| NIBBLE | 1-254, variable length binary data type | |||
| BIT | 1~60576, consisting only of 0 and 1 Fixed-length binary data type | |||
| VARBIT | 1 to 131068, variable length binary data type consisting only of 0s and 1s | |||
| Spatial Data Type | GEOMETRY
| Spatial data type up to 100M | ||
API Comparison
| Feature | Oracle | Altibase | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| SQL | Standard SQL, transformed SQL | Standard SQL, transformed SQL | |
| JDBC Driver | Provided | Provided | |
| ODBC Driver | Provided | Provided | |
| PHP Driver | Provided | Use ODBC | |
| PDO Driver | Provided | Provided | |
| Embedded SQL | Provided (Pro*C/C++) | Provided (APRE*C/C++) | |
| CLI Interface | Provided (OCI) | Provided (CLi) | |
| XA API | Provided | Provided | |
| Threaded Application | Supported | Supported |
Built-In Function
| Classification | Oracle | Altibase | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Numeric Function | ABS | ABS | Return absolute value |
| ACOS | ACOS | Return the arc cosine of n | |
| ASIN | ASIN | Return the arc sine of n | |
| ATAN | ATAN | Return the arctangent of n | |
| ATAN2 | ATAN2 | Return the arc tangent of n/m | |
| BITAND | BITAND | Return an integer by performing AND operation on the bits of argument 1 and 2 | |
| BITNOT | BITNOT | Return the result fo NOT operation for the bits of bit_a | |
| BITOR | BITOR | Return the result of OR operation for the bits of bit_a and bit_b | |
| BITXOR | BITXOR | Return the XOR (exclusive OR) operation result for the bits of bit_a and bit_b | |
| CEIL | CEIL | Round up the number specified in the argument and return an integer | |
| COS | COS | Return the cosine value | |
| COSH | COSH | Return the hyperbolic cosine | |
| EXP | EXP | Return e to the power of n | |
| FLOOR | FLOOR | Return the maximum value among integers less than or equal to a specified number | |
| Not supported | ISNUMERIC | Determine whether the entered formula is valid as a numeric data type | |
| LN | LN | Return the natural logarithm of the input | |
| LOG | LOG | Return the logarithm of n with the base m in LOG(m,n) | |
| MOD | MOD | Return the remainder of dividing n2 by n1 | |
| NANVL | Not supported | If the input value n2 is Nan (non-numeric), the replacement value n1 is returned. If n2 is not NaN, return n2 | |
| Not supported | NUMAND | Return the result of bitwise AND operation of BIGINT type bigint_a and bigint_a as BIGINT type result value | |
| Not supported | NUMOR | Return the result of bitwise OR operation of BIGINT type bigint_a and bigint_a as BIGINT type result value | |
| Not supported | NUMSHIFT | Return the result of shifting as many as n bits to bigint, which is a BIGINT type, as a result value of BIGINT type | |
| Not supported | NUMXOR | Return the result of bitwise XOR operation of BIGINT type bigint_a and bigint_a as BIGINT type result value | |
| POWER | POWER | Return the value of n2 to the power of n1 | |
| Not supported | RAND | Generate a random number between 0 and less than 1 and return it as a double type value | |
| dbms.random() | RANDOM | Return a pseudo-random integer value | |
| REMAINDER | MOD | Return the remainder of n2 divided by n1 | |
| ROUND (number) | ROUND (number) | Return n value after the decimal point is rounded to integer | |
| SIGN | SIGN | Return the sign of n | |
| SIN | SIN | Return the sine of n | |
| SINH | SINH | Return the hyperbolic sine of n | |
| SQRT | SQRT | Return the square root of n | |
| TAN | TAN | Return the tangent of n | |
| TANH | TANH | Returns the hyperbolic tangent of n | |
| TRUNC (number) | TRUNC (number) | Truncate factor n1 to decimal place parameter n2 or less | |
| WIDTH_BUCKET | Not supported | Create a histogram with the same area | |
| Character functions that returns character values | Not supported | CHOSUNG | Extract and return only the first letter of each letter from the entered Hangul string |
| CHR | CHR | Return the ASCII code corresponding to the decimal number n | |
| CONCAT | CONCAT | Concatenate char1 and char2 and return | |
| Not supported | DIGEST | Return the hash digest of expr as a VARCHAR type using a quasi-encrypted hash algorithm. | |
| Not supported | DIGITS | Return input integer as a string | |
| INITCAP | INITCAP | Convert the first letter of each word from the input string to uppercase and the rest to lowercase and return | |
| LOWER | LOWER | Convert input string to lower case | |
| LPAD | LPAD | Fill expr1 from the specified digit n, and fill expr1 in the remaining space on the left | |
| LTRIM | LTRIM | Remove all characters specified by set from the left side of the character string char | |
| NCHR | NCHR | Return Unicode character | |
| NLS_INITCAP | Not supported | Return char by converting the first letter of each word to uppercase and the remaining letters to lowercase | |
| NLS_LOWER | Not supported | Convert all characters to lowercase and return | |
| NLS_UPPER | Not supported | Return the input string converted to all uppercase letters | |
| NLSSORT | Not supported | Sort input string and return string | |
| Not supported | RANDOM_STRING | Create an arbitrary string as long as the length in the format specified in the option | |
| REGEXP_REPLACE | REGEXP_REPLACE | Replace the part that satisfies the specified regular expression with another specified string | |
| REGEXP_SUBSTR | REGEXP_SUBSTR | Return a substring that satisfies the specified regular expression | |
| REPLACE | REPLACE | In the first string given as a parameter, all the second strings are replaced with the third-string and the result is returned | |
| Not supported | REPLICATE | Return a string repeated expr n times | |
| Not supported | REVERSE_STR | Return the result of inverting the character order of expr | |
| RPAD | RPAD | To the right of the argument expr1, the character specified by the argument expr2 is repeated as long as n is necessary | |
| RTRIM | RTRIM | Remove all characters specified by set from the right end of the argument char | |
| Not supported | SIZEOF | Return the size of a string or the size allocated to it | |
| SOUNDEX | Not supported | Return a string with the phonetic representation of char | |
| Not supported | STUFF | Remove length from the position specified by start and return a string with expr2 inserted in that position | |
| SUBSTR | SUBSTR SUBSTRING | Return a string of length from the start character in expr | |
| SUBSTRB | SUBSTRB | Determine position and length in bytes, not characters | |
| TRANSLATE | TRANSLATE | Each character in from_string is replaced with the corresponding character in to_string and expr is returned | |
| TREAT | Not supported | Change the declaration type of the argument | |
| TRIP | TRIMp | Remove leading or trailing (both sides) characters from the string | |
| UPPER | UPPER | Conver all letters to uppercase | |
| Character functions that return numeric values | ASCII | ASCII | Return the decimal value corresponding to the ASCII value of the first character of a given char |
| Not supported | DATE_TO_UNIX | Convert expr of DATE type to a value in seconds based on 1970-01-01 00:00:00 (UTC +00:00 time zone) and return | |
| INSTR | INSTR | Return the position of the first occurrence of the specified character in a string as a number | |
| Not supported | INSTRB | Return the position of the specified string in bytes rather than characters | |
| LENGTH | CHAR_LENGTH CHARACTER_LENGTH LENGTH | Return the length of the argument char | |
| Not supported | LENGTHB | Return the length of the input string in bytes | |
| Not supported | OCT_TO_NUM | Convert expr to octal | |
| Not supported | PKCS7PAD16 | Fit the total byte length of expr to a multiple of 16 | |
| Not supported | PKCS7UNPAD16 | Restore a multiple of 16 byte string created using the KCS7PAD16() function to the data before padding | |
| Not supported | POSITION | Find substring in input expr string and return the position of the first character of the substring | |
| REGEXP_COUNT | REGENX_COUNT | Return the number of times the pattern is bright in a string | |
| REGEXP_INSTR | REGEXP_INSTR | Return the first position (what character) of the part that satisfies the specified condition (regular expression) | |
| NLS character function | NLS_CHARSET_DECL_LEN NLS_CHARSET_ID NLS_CHARSET_NAME | Not supported | Return DB charset ID and name |
| Collation function | COLLATION NLS_COLLATION_ID NLS_COLLATION_NAME | Not supported | Return information about collation settings |
| Datetime function | ADD_MONTHS | ADD_MONTHS | Return the value of the date plus a specific number of months integer |
| Not supported | CONV_TIMEZONE | Convert expr based on src_tz time zone to dest_tz time zone | |
| CURRENT_DATE | CURRENT_DATE | Return the date information of the current session as Date data type | |
| CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | Return the date and time information of the current session | |
| +, - operation | +, -, DATEADD | Return the result by increasing the date_field_name part of date by the number | |
| Not supported | DATEDIFF | Return the value of enddate minus startdate (i.e. enddate-startdate) in the unit specified in date_field_name | |
| Not supported | DATENAME | Return the name of the month or weekday of the specified date according to the input date_field_name | |
| DBTIMEZONE | DB_TIMEZONE | Return the value of the database time zone | |
| EXTRACT (datetime) | DATEPART EXTRACT (datetime) | Return only the value corresponding to date_field_name in the input date | |
| FROM_TZ | Not supported | Convert timestamp data type and time zone data type to TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data type | |
| LAST_DAY | LAST_DAY | Return the last day of the month in which the date belongs | |
| LOCALTIMESTAMP | Not supported | Output the current date and time of timestamp | |
| MONTHS_BETWEEN | MONTHS_BETWEEN | Calculate the month between date date1 and date2 | |
| NEW_TIME | Not supported | Output the Zone1 time in zone2 time | |
| NEXT_DAY | NEXT_DAY | Convert the next date of the specified weekday based on that day | |
| NUMTODSINTERVAL | Not supported | Change n to INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND character | |
| NUMTOYMINTERVAL | Not supported | Change n to INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH character | |
| ORA_DST_AFFECTED | Not supported | ||
| ORA_DST_CONVERT | Not supported | ||
| ORA_DST_ERROR | Not supported | ||
| ROUND (date) | ROUND (date) | Return the date rounded to the unit specified by the format model fmt | |
| SESSIONTIMEZONE | SESSION_TIMEZONE | Reflect the time zone of the current session | |
| SYS_EXTRACT_UTC | Not supported | Return Coordinated Universal Time—formerly Greenwich Mean Time (UTC) | |
| SYSDATE | SYSDATE | Return the date and time of the OS where the database is located | |
| SYSTIMESTAMP | SYSTIMESTAMP | Return the system date | |
| TRUNC (date) | TRUNC (date) | Round or cut dates based on year, month, and day | |
| TZ_OFFSET | Not supported | Return the time zone offset corresponding to the argument based on the date the statement was executed | |
| Not supported | UNIX_DATE | Output the current date and time of the operating system based on the UTC +00:00 time zone | |
| Not supported | UNIX_TIMESTAMP | Output the current date and time of the operating system based on the UTC +00:00 time zone | |
| Not supported | UNIX_TO_DATE | Convert expr to DATE type and return | |
| Comparison function | CASE | CASE, CASE2 | Convert expr to DATE type and return |
| GREATEST | GREATEST | Return the largest value among one or more arguments | |
| LEAST | LEAST | Return the smallest value among the list of arguments EXPR | |
| Conversion function | ACSIISTR | ASCIISTR | Return the ASCII string of a string |
| Not supported | BASE64_DECODE | Decode the input string of VARBYTE type encoded in base64 format and return the original data of VARBYTE type | |
| Not supported | BASE64_DECODE_64 | VARBYTE type value is encoded in base64 format and VARBYTE type string is returned | |
| Not supported | BASE64_ENCODE_STR | Return the result of base64-encoded hexadecimal input string as a VARCHAR type string. | |
| Not supported | BINARY_LENGTH | Return the data length of binary data types such as BLOB, BYTE, and NIBBLE | |
| BIN_TO_NUM | BIN_TO_NUM | Convert bit (binary) vector to equivalent number (decimal) | |
| CAST | CAST | Convert data type or collection type to another data type or collection type | |
| CHARTOROWID | Not supported | Convert character type value to ROWID type | |
| COMPOSE | Not supported | Return Unicode in normalized form | |
| CONVERT | CONVERT | Convert character set to another character set | |
| DECOMPOSE | Not supported | Return the UNICODE string after decomposition into the same character set as the input | |
| Not supported | HEX_DECODE | Convert hexadecimal string to ASCII string and return | |
| Not supported | HEX_ENCODE | Convert ASCII string to hexadecimal string corresponding to each character and return | |
| Not supported | HEX_TO_NUM | convert expr to decimal | |
| HEXTORAW | Not supported | Convert hexadecimal to raw value | |
| RAWTOHEX | Not supported | Convert RAW to hexadecimal characters | |
| RAWTONHEX | Not supported | Convert RAW TO NVARCHAR2 hexadecimal number | |
| Not supported | RAW_CONCAT | Concatenate and return values of multiple input VARBYTE data types that are not NULL | |
| Not supported | RAW_SIZEOF | Return the actual size of the data space allocated to the input expr | |
| Not supported | RAW_TO_FLOAT | Convert the value converted to VARBYTE data type to NUMERIC or FLOAT data type using TO_RAW function and return | |
| Not supported | RAW_TO_INTEGER | Return the value converted to VARBYTE as INTEGER data type by using TO_RAW function | |
| Not supported | RAW_TO_NUMERIC | Convert the value converted to VARBYTE data type to NUMERIC or FLOAT data type using TO_RAW function and return | |
| Not supported | RAW_TO_VARCHAR | Convert VARCHAR type data to VARCHAR type data converted VARBYTE type value using the TO_RAW function | |
| ROWIDTOCHAR | Not supported | Convert rowid value to VARCHAR2 format | |
| ROWIDTOONCHAR | Not supported | Convert rowid value to NVARCHAR2 format | |
| ROWNUM | ROWNUM | Order the value of a selected row, not supported in DML | |
| SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP | Not supported | Take a number evaluated as a system change number (SCN) as an argument and return the nearest timestamp related to the SCN | |
| TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN | Not supported | Return system change number (SCN) related to timestamp | |
| Not supported | TO_BIN | Convert n to binary | |
| TO_BiNARY_DOUBLE | Not supported | Return double-precision floating point | |
| TO_BINARY_FLOAT | Not supported | Return a single-precision floating-point number | |
| TO_BLOB (bfile) | Not supported | Convert BFILE to BLOB | |
| TO_BLOB (raw) | Not supported | Convert RAW to BLOB | |
| TO_CHAR (bfile|blob) | Not supported | Convert BFILE and BLOB to database charset | |
| TO_CHAR (character) | Not supported | Convert to database character set | |
| TO_CHAR (datetime) | TO_CHAR (datetime) | Convert to VARCHAR data type value of specified format | |
| TO_CHAR (number) | TO_CHAR (number) | Convert to VARCHAR data type value | |
| TO_CLOB (bfile|blob) | Not supported | Convert NCLOB value to CLOB value | |
| TO_CLOB (character) | Not supported | Convert character value to CLOB | |
| TO_DATE | TO_DATE | Convert char to date data type value | |
| TO_DSINTERVAL | Not supported | Convert INTERVAR DAY TO SECOND value | |
| Not supported | TO_HEX | Convert n to hexadecimal | |
| Not supported | TO_INTERVAL (NUMTODSINTERVAL) | Convert n to interval_unit unit and return | |
| TO_LOB | Not supported | Convert LONG or LONG ROW value to LOB value | |
| TO_MULTI_BYTE | Not supported | Return the character converted from a multibyte character to the corresponding single-byte character | |
| TO_NCHAR (character) | TO_NCHAR (character) | Convert to national character set | |
| TO_NCHAR (number) | TO_NCHAR (number) | Covert n to national character set | |
| TO_NCHAR (datetime) | TO_NCHAR (datetime) | Convert to national character set | |
| TO_NCLOB | Not supported | Convert CLOB value to NCLOB value | |
| TO_NUMBER | TO_NUMBER | Convert expr to a value of data type NUMBER | |
| Not supported | TO_OCT | Convert n to octal | |
| Not supported | TO_RAW | Convert all data type values entered in n into VARBYTE type and return | |
| TO_SINGLE_BYTE | Not supported | Convert multibyte characters into corresponding single-byte characters and return char | |
| TO_TIMESTAMP | TO_DATE | Convert char to value of TIMESTAMP data type | |
| TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ | Not supported | Convert char to TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data type | |
| TO_YMINTERVAL | Not supported | Change string to INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH format | |
| TRANSLATE ... USING | Not supported | Convert char to the specified character set for conversion between the database character set and national character cents | |
| UNISTR | UNISTR | Take a text string as an argument and return it as a national language character set | |
| VALIDATE_CONVERSION | Not supported | Determine whether expr can be converted to the specified data type | |
| Large Object (LOB) function | BFILENAME | Not supported | Return the BFILE locator associated with the physical LOB binary file of the server file system |
| EMPTY_BLOB | EMPTY_BLOB | Initialize lob variable and return the location of empty lob | |
| EMPTY_CLOB | EMPTY_CLOB | Initialize lob variable and return the location of empty lob | |
| Collection functions related to nested tables | CARDINALITY COLLECT POWERMULTISET POWERMULTISET_BY_CARDINALITY SET | Not supported | Functions related to nested tables |
| Hierarchical function | SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH | SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH | Return the column value Path from root to node |
| Data mining functions | CLUSTER_DETAILS CLUSTER_DISTANCE CLUSTER_ID CLUSTER_PROBABILITY CLUSTER_SET FEATURE_COMPARE FEATURE_DETAILS FEATURE_ID FEATURE_SET FEATURE_VALUE ORA_DM_PARTITION_NAME PREDICTION PREDICTION_BOUNDS PREDICTION_COST PREDICTION_DETAILS PREDICTION_PROABILITY PREDICTION_SET | Not supported | Data mining related functions |
| XML functions | APPRENDCHILDXML DELETEXML DEPTH EXISTSNODE EXTRACT (XML) EXTRACTVALUE INSERTCHILDXML INSERTCHILDXMLAFTER INSERTCHILDXMLBEFORE INSERTXMLAFTER INSERTXMLBEFORE PATH SYS_DBURIGEN SYS_XMLAGG SYS_XMLGEN UPDATEXML XMLAGG XMLCAST XMLCDATA XMLCOLATTAVAL XMLCOMMENT XMLCONCAT XMLDIFF XMELEMENT XMLEXISTS XMLFOREST XMLISVALID XMLPARSE XMLPATCH XMLPI XMLQUERY XMLROOT XMLSEQUENCE XMLSERIALIZE XMLTABLE XMLTRANSFORM
| Not supported | XML related functions |
| JSON functions | JSON_ARRAY JSON_ARRAYAGG JSON_DATAGUIDE JSON_OBJECT JSON_OBJECTAGG JSON_QUERY JSON_TABLE JSON_VALUE | Not supported | JSON related functions |
| Encoding/Decoding functions | DECODE | DECODE | Same as CASE WHEN where simple_case_expr is used |
| DUMP | DUMP | Return the location and length of specified data in a specified format | |
| ORA_HASH | Not supported | Calculate a hash value for a given expression | |
| STANDARD_HASH | Not supported | Calculate standard hash value | |
| VSIZE | OCTET_LENGTH | Return the length of the input string in bytes | |
| NULL functions | COALESCE | COALESCE | Returns the first non-NULL argument |
| LNNVL | LNNVL | If the result of the condition is FALSE or NULL, TRUE is returned, and if the condition is TRUE, FALSE is returned | |
| NULLIF | NULLIF | If expr1 and expr2 is the same, return NULL value | |
| NVL | NVL | Replace NULL values with blanks in the query result | |
| NVL2 | NVL2 | If expr1 is not NULL, NVL2 returns expr2. If it is NULL, expr3 is returned. | |
| Environment and identifier functions | Not supported | HOST_NAME | Return the name of the currently connected host |
CON_DBID_TO_ID CON_GUID_TO_ID CON_NAME_TO_ID CON_UID_TO_ID ORA_INVOKING_USER ORA_INVOKING_USERID | Not supported | ||
| Not supported | SENDMSG | Send message to ip=address, port as Socket datagram | |
| SYS_CONTEXT | SYS_CONTEXT | Return the result value of related parameters using the environment information (context) connected to the current session as a namespace | |
| SYS_GUID | SYS_GUID_STR | Create and return a globally unique identifier (RAW value) consisting of 16 bytes. Create a globally unique identifier of 16 bytes and returns it as a 32 hexadecimal string | |
| SYS_TYPEID | Not supported | Return the typeid of the identifier | |
| UID | USER_ID | Return an integer that uniquely identifies the session user | |
| USER | USER_NAME | Return the name of the session user | |
| USERENV | SESSION_ID | USERENV returns information about the session. SESSION_ID returns the user's SESSION_ID | |
| Approxiamtion functions | APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT_AGG APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT_DETAIL APPROX_MEDIAN APPROX_PERCENTILE APPROX_PERCENTILE_AGG APPROX_PERCENTILE_DETAIL | Not supported | |
| GROUP_ID | Not supported | Distinguish duplicate groups from the specified GROUP BY result | |
| GROUPING | GROUPING | When a column described in the GROUPING function is grouped by using it with the ROLLUP or CUBE operator. In other words, a function that shows whether it was used in ROLLUP or CUBE operation. | |
| GROUPING_ID | GROUPING_ID | Return the number corresponding to the GROUPING bit vector associated with the row | |
| MEDIAN | Not supported | Returns the median or interpolated value after sorting of values | |
| STAT_BINOMIAL_TEST | Not supported | An exact probability test used for dichotomous variables where only two valid values exist (variables with two exclusive values) | |
| STATS_CROSSTAB | Not supported | Analyze two nominal variables | |
| STATS_F_TEST | Not supported | Test whether there is a significant difference between the two variances | |
| STATS_KS_TEST | Not supported | The Kolmogorov-Smirnov function that tests whether two samples belong to the same population or that they belong to a population with the same distribution | |
| STATS_MODE | Not supported | Return the value with the largest frequency | |
| STATS_MW_TEST | Not supported | A Mann-Whitney test compares two independent samples. | |
| STATS_ONE_WAY_ANOVA | STATS_ONE_WAY_ANOVA | The one-way analysis of variance function (STATS_ONE_WAY_ANOVA) verifies the significant difference in the mean (for a group or variable) for statistical significance by comparing two other estimates of variance | |
| STAT_T_TEST_(STATS_T_TEST_ONE, STAT_T_TEST_PAIRED, STATS_T_TEST_INDEP and STATS_T_TEST_INDEPU) | Not supported | In t-test, the significance of the difference between the mean values is measured | |
| STATS_WSR_TEST | Not supported | Wilcox sign ranking test of paired pairs is performed, and the difference between samples is tested whether there is a significant difference from zero | |
| SYS_OP_ZONE_ID | Not supported | Take a rowid as an argument and return the area ID | |
| TO_APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT | Not supported | ||
| TO_APPROX_PERCENTILE | NOt supported | ||
| Analysis functions | FIRST_VALUE | FIRST_VALUE | Return the first value in an ordered set of values |
| Not supported | FIRST_VALUE_IGNORE_NULLS | Get the value of the first row excluding null values | |
| LAG | LAG | Refer to the previous value relative to the current row | |
| Not supported | LAG_IGNORE_NULLS | Calculate the value of the first non-NULL row from the offset th after the current row | |
| NTH_VALUE | NTH_VALUE | Find the value of the offset th row | |
| Not supported | NTH_VALUE_IGNORE_NULLS | Find the value of the offset th row excluding null values | |
| NTILE | NTILE | Divide the output result by the number of groups specified by the user and output it | |
| RATIO_TO_REPORT | RATIO_TO_REPORT | Calculate the ratio of a value to the sum of a set of values | |
| ROW_NUMBER | ROW_NUMBER | Give a ranking for the results sorted by division | |
| Aggregation/analysis function | AVG | AVG | Return the average of the rows that satisfy the conditions for the specified column, excluding nulls |
| CORR | CORR | Return the correlation coefficient for a pair of numbers | |
| CORR_ (CORR_S, CORR_K) | Not supported | (See CORR) Calculate Pearson's correlation coefficient | |
| COUNT | COUNT | Return the number of rows returned by the query | |
| COVAR_POP | COVAR_POP | Return the population covariance of a set of number combinations | |
| COVAR_SAMP | COVAR_SAMP | Return the sample covariance of a set of number pairs | |
| CUME_DIST | CUME_DIST | Compute the cumulative distribution of values in a group of values | |
| DENSE_RANK | DENSE_RANK | Rank is given to the column or expression used in the ORDER BY clause. Unlike RANK(), the rank after the same rank returns a value that is increased by 1 regardless of the number of the same rank. | |
| FIRST | FIRST | Operate on a set of values from a set of rows by ranking as FIRST or LAST for a given sort specification | |
| Not supported | GROUP_CONCAT | Return the string concatenated with non-NULL expr1 in each group | |
| LAST | LAST | The last row is extracted by sequencing the rows | |
| LISTAGG | LISTAGG | Return a single string by concatenating a string and a separator for all rows in a group | |
| MAX | MAX | Return the maximum value among arguments | |
| MIN | MIN | Return the minimum value among arguments | |
| PERCENT_RANK | PERCENT_RANK | Return the rank percentage of a value for the number of groups | |
| PERCENTILE_CONT | PERCENTILE_CONT | Inverse distribution function assuming a continuous distribution model | |
| PERCENTILE_DISK | PERCENTILE_DISC | Inverse distribution function assuming a discrete distribution model | |
| RANK | RANK | Calculate the rank of values in a group of values | |
| REGR_ (Linear Regression) Functions | Not supported | The linear regression function fits a normal least squares regression line to a set of numeric pairs | |
| STDDEV | STDDEV | Return the sample standard deviation of expr, which is a combination of numbers | |
| STDDEV_POP | STDDEV_POP | Calculate the population standard deviation and return the square root of the population variance | |
| STDDEV_SAMP | STDDEV_SAMP | Calculate the cumulative sample standard deviation and returns the square root of the sample variance | |
| SUM | SUM | Return the sum of the values of expr | |
| VAR_POP | VAR_POP | Return the population variance of a set of Numbers after removing null values | |
| VAR_SAMP | VAR_SAMP | Return the sampling variance of a set of numbers after removing nulls. | |
| VARIANCE | VARIANCE | Return the variance of expr | |
| Object reference functions | DEREF MAKE_REF REF REFTOHEX VALUE | Not supported | Object reference functions |
| Model functions | CV ITERATION_NUMBER PRESENTNNV PRESENTV PREVIOUS | Not supported | Available only in Model_clause of Select statement |
| OLAP function | CUBE_TABLE | Not supported | Convert 3D data to 2D data |
| Data cartridge function | DATAOBJ_TO_MAT_PARTITION DATAOBJ_TO_PARTITION | Not supported | Useful for data cartridge development |
| Encryption | DBMS_CRYPTO | AESDECRYPT AESENCRYPT DESDECRYPT DESENCRYPT TDESDECRYPT TRIPLE_DESDECRYPT TDESENCRYPT TRIPLE_DESENCRYPT |